国家政策类的文本历来是各院校在汉译英板块的热点素材，除了考查同学们对政策类概念的掌握程度之外，古诗文翻译也是亮点之一。这方面的考查要么是纯粹的古诗文单句翻译，要么是结合领导人讲话的上下文语境来出题。拿北外来说，去年就考了大道至简实干为要、众志成城集思广益、以民为本方得民心、上善若水厚德载物、明德惟馨与时俱进等表述。

本文北鼎为大家提供了大量的治国理政类古诗文名句，均以中英对照的形式呈现给同学们，其中前半部分是纯粹的古诗文翻译（还给大家提供了出处），后半部分是结合领导人讲话的完整语境。最重要的部分都用红色标出来了。还是那句话：不求一字不差地押中题目，但求同学们能从中学到足够多的特定用词、相关表达和常用句型，在考场中能够做到随机应变，见招拆招！

民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。《孟子·尽心章句下》

译文：The people are the most important element in a state; next are the gods of land and grain; least is the ruler himself.

治大国，若烹小鲜。《老子·德经·第六十章》

译文：Governing a large state is like cooking a small fish: it must be handled with great care.

得道者多助，失道者寡助。《孟子·公孙丑章句下》

译文：A just cause wins support, while an unjust one loses it.

君者，舟也；庶人者，水也。水则载舟，水则覆舟。《荀子·哀公》

译文：The relationship between a king and the common people is similar to that between a boat and water. It is on water that a boat floats, and it is in water that a boat may capsize.

为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共之。《论语·为政篇》

译文：The Master said, "He who exercises government by means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it."

防民之口，甚于防川。《国语·周语·邵公谏厉王弭谤》

译文：To silence the people is more harmful than blocking a river.

民惟邦本，本固邦宁。《尚书·五子之歌》

译文：The people should be cherished, the people are the root of a country；the root firm, the country is tranquil.

治国有常，而利民为本。《淮南子·汜论训》

译文：There are fixed principles for governing a country, and taking benefiting the people as the fundamental.

国无常强，无常弱。奉法者强，则国强；奉法者弱，则国弱。《韩非子·有度》

译文：A country is never permanently strong nor permanently weak. If those who enforce the law are powerful, the country will be strong; if those who enforce the law are weak, the country will be weak.

其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。《论语·子路篇》

译文：If a ruler is upright, his orders will be carried out even without forcing; if he is not upright, even his orders will not be obeyed no matter how he demands it.

故国虽大，好战必亡；天下虽安，忘战必危。《司马法·仁本》

译文：Though a country be powerful, if it is fond of war it will surely perish; though the world be at peace, those who forget war will inevitably be in danger.

刑过不辟大臣，赏善不遗匹夫。《韩非子·有度》

译文：Punishment for wrongdoing does not spare senior officials, as rewards for good conduct do not bypass the common man.

求木之长者，必固其根本；欲流之远者，必浚其泉源。魏征《谏太宗十思疏》

译文：For a tree to grow tall, a strong and solid root is essential; for a river to flow far, an unimpeded source is necessary.

治世不一道，便国不必法古。《商君书·更法》

译文：There is more than one way of governance and the ancient way is not the only way to develop a nation.

任贤勿贰，去邪勿疑。《尚书·大禹谟》

译文：Appoint virtuous people without hesitation or second thoughts, and eliminate evil elements with firm resolve.

不学墙面，莅事惟烦。《尚书·周官》

译文：Those who do not learn are as ignorant as facing a wall; when they handle affairs, they will only end up in chaos.

为善者，君与之赏；为非者，君与之罚。《鬼谷子·符言篇》

译文：The ruler should reward those who do good deeds and punish those who commit wrongdoings.

德惟善政，政在养民。《尚书·大禹谟》

译文：The core of virtue lies in implementing good governance, and the key to good governance is supporting and nurturing the people.

治国犹如栽树，本根不摇，则枝叶茂荣。《贞观政要·卷一·论政体》

译文：Governing a country is just like planting a tree. If its roots are firm and unshaken, its branches and leaves will thrive and flourish.

无怠无荒，四夷来王。《尚书·大禹谟》

译文：If the ruler never slacks off or neglects state affairs, all the surrounding tribes will come to submit and pay homage.

安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜。唐·杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》

译文：How I wish I could have ten thousand spacious mansions, to shelter all the poor scholars in the world and make them all smile happily.

兴，百姓苦；亡，百姓苦。元·张养浩《山坡羊·潼关怀古》

译文：When a dynasty prospers, the common people suffer; when a dynasty falls, the common people suffer too.

杀人亦有限，列国自有疆。苟能制侵凌，岂在多杀伤。唐·杜甫《出塞》

译文：There should be a limit to killing in wars, for each state has its own fixed borders. If we can curb aggression and invasion, why bother to kill countless people?

烽火连三月，家书抵万金。唐·杜甫《春望》

译文：The beacon fires of war have raged for three months on end. A letter from home is more valuable than ten thousand gold pieces in such turbulent times.

大道之行也，天下为公。《礼记·礼运》

译文：When the great Dao prevails, the whole world is held in common by all.

公生明，偏生暗。《荀子·不苟》

译文：Impartiality brings clarity of judgment, while bias leads to muddled thinking.

理国要道，在于公平正直。唐·吴兢《贞观政要》

译文：The essential way to govern a country lies in upholding fairness and integrity.

不别亲疏，不殊贵贱，一断于法。《史记·太史公自序》

译文：Do not distinguish between relatives and strangers, nor between the noble and the humble; all matters shall be judged strictly in accordance with the law.

中国古人说：“知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。”新形势下，我们要携手构建亚太命运共同体，再创亚太合作新辉煌。

As an ancient Chinese sage observed, “The wise are free from doubts, the benevolent from anxiety, and the brave from fear.” Facing the new circumstances, we must join hands together to build an Asia-Pacific community with a shared future and take Asia-Pacific cooperation to a new height.

中国古人说：“治国之道，富民为始。”中国已经打赢脱贫攻坚战、全面建成小康社会，现在要继续推进全体人民共同富裕。

As an ancient Chinese historian observed, “Governance is all about enriching the people.” China has won the critical battle against poverty and finished building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and it is now continuing its efforts to achieve common prosperity for all.

鉴往事，知来者。 过去几十年，亚太经济合作为地区发展注入强大动力，有效提升了人民福祉。经验弥足珍贵，初心需要坚守。           

A review of the past may offer a clue to what will happen in the future. Over the past decades, Asia-Pacific economic cooperation has injected powerful impetus into the development of our region and greatly improved the wellbeing of our peoples. We should draw on the valuable past practices and remain firm in pursuing our development goals.       

“道阻且长，行则将至；行而不辍，未来可期。” 让我们共同努力，谱写全球湿地保护新篇章。

As a Chinese saying goes, “The journey ahead may be long and arduous, but with sustained actions, we will eventually reach our destination and embrace a brighter future.” Let us join hands to write a new chapter in global wetlands conservation.

中国古人说：“仓廪实而知礼节，衣食足而知荣辱。”这些年，我走遍中国城镇乡村，也访问过不少国家。我深深感受到，只有不断发展，才能实现人民对生活安康、社会安宁的梦想。

As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “Only when the granary is full will people learn etiquette; only when people are well-fed and clothed will they know honor and shame.” Throughout the years, I have been to cities, towns and villages across China and visited many countries in the world. One deep impression I get is that only through continuous development can the people’s dream for a better life and social stability be realized.

“泰山不让土壤，故能成其大；河海不择细流，故能就其深。”包容普惠、互利共赢才是人间正道。

As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “Constant piling up of earth makes Mount Tai great; ceaseless inflow of rivers makes the ocean deep.”   Inclusiveness, shared benefits and win-win outcomes is what we should pursue.

“心合意同，谋无不成。”让我们坚定信心，朝着构建高质量伙伴关系的正确方向携手奋进，共创繁荣发展新时代！

As an ancient Chinese adage goes, “With one heart and one mind, we can accomplish everything we aspire for.” Let us firm up confidence, stride forward in pursuit of high-quality partnership, and usher in a new era of prosperity and development.

国际上的事应当由各国共同商量着办，推行国际关系民主化、践行真正的多边主义才是人心所向、大势所趋。

International affairs should be managed by all countries through consultation. Promoting greater democracy in international relations and upholding true multilateralism is the expectation of the people and the prevailing trend of the times.

中国言必信、行必果，已向120多个国家和国际组织提供超过20亿剂疫苗。

China is a country that delivers on its promises. China has already sent over two billion doses of vaccines to more than 120 countries and international organizations.

“青山一道同云雨，明月何曾是两乡。”让我们携起手来，站在历史正确的一边，站在人类进步的一边，为实现世界永续和平发展，为推动构建人类命运共同体而不懈奋斗！

As an ancient Chinese poem reads, “Green hills immerse in the same cloud and rain. The same moon lights up towns however far away.” Let us join hands, stand on the right side of history and the side of human progress, and work tirelessly for the lasting and peaceful development of the world and for building a community with a shared future for mankind!

中国古人说：“为治之本，务在于安民；安民之本，在于足用。”推动发展、安居乐业是各国人民共同愿望。

As ancient Chinese observed, “The essence of governance is livelihood, and the essence of livelihood is adequacy.” Development and happy lives are the common aspirations of people in all countries.

世界是丰富多彩的，多样性是人类文明的魅力所在，更是世界发展的活力和动力之源。“非尽百家之美，不能成一人之奇。”文明没有高下、优劣之分，只有特色、地域之别，只有在交流中才能融合，在融合中才能进步。

The world we live in is diverse and colorful. Diversity makes human civilization what it is, and provides a constant source of vitality and driving force for world development. As a Chinese saying goes, “Without achieving the good of one hundred various schools, the uniqueness of one individual cannot be achieved.” No civilization in the world is superior to others; every civilization is special and unique to its own region. Civilizations can achieve harmony only through communication, and can make progress only through harmonization.

“众力并，则万钧不足举也。”气候变化带给人类的挑战是现实的、严峻的、长远的。

As we say in China, “When people pull together, nothing is too heavy to be lifted.” Climate change poses pressing, formidable and long-term challenges to us all.       

保护生态环境，不能头痛医头、脚痛医脚。我们要按照生态系统的内在规律，统筹考虑自然生态各要素，从而达到增强生态系统循环能力、维护生态平衡的目标。

Protecting the ecosystem requires more than a simplistic, palliative approach. We need to follow the innate laws of the ecosystem and properly balance all elements and aspects of Nature. This is a way that may take us where we want to be, an ecosystem in sound circulation and overall balance.  

自然遭到系统性破坏，人类生存发展就成了无源之水、无本之木。                       

Systemic spoil of Nature will take away the foundation of human survival and development, and will leave us human beings like a river without a source and a tree without its roots.

坚持人与自然和谐共生。“万物各得其和以生，各得其养以成。”大自然是包括人在内一切生物的摇篮，是人类赖以生存发展的基本条件。

We must be committed to harmony between man and Nature. “All things that grow live in harmony and benefit from the nourishment of Nature.” Mother Nature is the cradle of all living beings, including humans. It provides everything essential for humanity to survive and thrive.

“沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。”后疫情时代的世界，必将如凤凰涅槃、焕发新生。

As a Chinese poem reads, “Past a fallen ship, one thousand sail onward; for a sick tree, ten thousand thrive by spring.” I believe that when COVID-19 is over, our world will rise from the pandemic and emerge even stronger.